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No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. H. RUSSELL. Hydraulic Motor.

No. 233,436. Patented Oct. 19, 1880.

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(No Model.) 2 sheets sheet 2. W. H. RUSSELL.

Hydraulic Motor.

No. 233,436. Patented Oct. 19, I880.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEO WILLIAM H. RUSSELL, OF RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO HIM- SELF AND ROBERT FARLEY, JR., OF NEW YORK CITY, N. Y.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 233,436, dated October 19, 1880.

Application filed March 17, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. RUssELL, of Rutherford, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Hydraulic Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements on the motor for which a patent was granted to Robert Farley, J r., assignee of Oran1illO.Oarpenter, dated December 17, 1878, No. 210,915, and many of the features that will be hereinafter described or referred to are embodied in said Letters Patent.

In the drawings which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a plan of the motorenginc, partly in section to show the interior of the same. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, also partly in section. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken in the plane of the line as a in Figs. 1 and 2.

As herein shown, the motor-engine is essentially double, being composed of double cylinders and their attachments arranged in pairs and geared to cranks arranged at right angles on their shafts. The pairing or coupling of the double cylinders is, however, only an ordinary method of overcoming the dead-points; and all the novel features of the invention may be found in each of the double cylinders and their attachments. Therefore it will only be necessary to describe one set of elements, like parts of both sets being designated by like letters of reference.

A A are like cylinders, composed of larger parts a a and smaller parts 12 b. In the bores' of the lesser parts of the cylinders are fitted the pistons B B, and in the larger bores are fitted the pistons O O. The pistons B B are provided with yokes DD, which engage cranks E E on the shafts F F, and these yokes are connected by tie-rods G G. So far as above described the construction is the same as that shown in the Letters Patent of Farley before mentioned; but in said invention motion was communicated to the pistons O O by means of eccentrics on a transverse shaft arranged in yokes between the adjacent ends of the said pistons, the motion being derived primarily through the transverse shaft.

In my improved motor, H is a hydraulic cyl- (No model.)

inder firmly bolted between the cylinders A A, and into this cylinder is fitted a piston, I, which is fixed upon a piston-rod, J, to the ends of which the pistons O O are attached. Where the piston-rod J passes through the heads of the hydraulic cylinder suitable packing is provided to prevent leakage. Thus constructed, when the piston I reciprocates, the pistons O G are correspondingly reciprocated.

The space in the cylinders between the pistons B B and O O is filled with oil or some other liquid, as described in the patent before mentioned, and reciprocation is thus communicated to the pistons B B.

K K are valve-chambers in which reciprocate valves 0 c, which consist each of two pistons secured to a "alve-stem and arranged to playin the cylindrical chamber. These valvestems are connected, by means of a rod, with eccentrics d d on the axles.

Other known valve-gear may be substituted for that just described, but it will serve the purpose very well.

The chamber K communicates with the cylinder H by means of inlet-ports e e, and with a water-reservoir, L, through exhaust ports and pipes g g.

M M are receivingchambers mounted on the valve-chambers K K, and communicating with the latter through the medium of an opening or openings, h, through the partition between them. On each of the chambers M is mounted a cylinder, N, (shown in planin Fig. 1 and in longitudinal section in Fig. 2,) in which is fitted a piston, i, depressed normally by a spring. The cap or cover j of the cylinder is perforated or open to the outer air. This piston serves as a relief-valve, as will be more fully hereinafter explained.

O is a force-pump, which, as it may be of any well-known kind, will require no special description here. This pump takes water, oil, or other liquid from the reservoir L through a pipe, k, and forces it, through a pipe, Z, and branch pipes m m, to the receiving-chambers M M, and thence, through the chests K K and ports 0 e, to the cylinders H H, from whence it is exhausted, by way of the ports and pipes g g, to the reservoir L again.

The reservoir L is onlya convenience whereby I am enabled to use the same liquid over and over again. It may be dispensed with so far as the exhaust is concerned, and the exhaust liquid be allowed to waste; or two reservoirs may be employed. The receivingchamber M might also be dispensed with if a different form of valve were employed.

The pump 0 may be operated by steam, hand, or other power, and when the liquid is forced by it into the cylinder 11 the piston in the latter is caused to reciprocate, through the medium of the valve 0, in a manner too well understood to require an ydetailed description. This motion is communicated, as before stated, through the pistons O and B and the liquid column between them, to the yokes I) and cranks E, whereby rotary motion is communicated to the shafts F.

As liquids are not elastic to any extent, and as the inlet-ports e e are liable to be closed simultaneously for an instant by the passage of the valve, I provide against the extra pressare thrown into the receiving-chamber M by the pump by mounting thereon the relief piston or valve 0', before mentioned.

I contemplate applying my improved motor to the propulsion of railway-cars, and, as shown in the drawings, it is especially adapted for that purpose; but it may be employed for a variety of purposes; and it may also be apthe two cylinders A A, connecting with the 7 cylinder H, the pistons B B and (J O, and the liquid columns interposed between them, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, to form a hydraulic motor, of the forcepump 0, pipes k 1, receiver M, valve-chest K, provided with ports e g, the cylinder H,piston [,rod J, pistons O O,cylinders A A, with greater and lesser bores a b, the pistons B B, the liquid columns interposed between the pistons B C, the yokes I) D,tie-rods G G, and cranked shaft F. all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM H. RUSSELL. Witnesses:

HENRY CONNETT, ARTHUR C. FRASER. 

